gcc : 오픈소스 컴파일러의 일종
아래는 gcc --help의 내용
Options:
-pass-exit-codes Exit with highest error code from a phase.
--help Display this information.
--target-help Display target specific command line options.
--help={common|optimizers|params|target|warnings|[^]{joined|separate|undocumented}}[,...].
Display specific types of command line options.
(Use '-v --help' to display command line options of sub-processes).
--version Display compiler version information.
-dumpspecs Display all of the built in spec strings.
-dumpversion Display the version of the compiler.
-dumpmachine Display the compiler's target processor.
-print-search-dirs Display the directories in the compiler's search path.
-print-libgcc-file-name Display the name of the compiler's companion library.
-print-file-name= Display the full path to library .
-print-prog-name= Display the full path to compiler component .
-print-multiarch Display the target's normalized GNU triplet, used as
a component in the library path.
-print-multi-directory Display the root directory for versions of libgcc.
-print-multi-lib Display the mapping between command line options and
multiple library search directories.
-print-multi-os-directory Display the relative path to OS libraries.
-print-sysroot Display the target libraries directory.
-print-sysroot-headers-suffix Display the sysroot suffix used to find headers.
-Wa, Pass comma-separated on to the assembler.
-Wp, Pass comma-separated on to the preprocessor.
-Wl, Pass comma-separated on to the linker.
-Xassembler Pass on to the assembler.
-Xpreprocessor Pass on to the preprocessor.
-Xlinker Pass on to the linker.
-save-temps Do not delete intermediate files.
-save-temps= Do not delete intermediate files.
-no-canonical-prefixes Do not canonicalize paths when building relative
prefixes to other gcc components.
-pipe Use pipes rather than intermediate files.
-time Time the execution of each subprocess.
-specs= Override built-in specs with the contents of .
-std= Assume that the input sources are for .
--sysroot= Use as the root directory for headers
and libraries.
-B Add to the compiler's search paths.
-v Display the programs invoked by the compiler.
-### Like -v but options quoted and commands not executed.
-E Preprocess only; do not compile, assemble or link.
-S Compile only; do not assemble or link.
-c Compile and assemble, but do not link.
-o Place the output into .
-pie Create a dynamically linked position independent
executable.
-shared Create a shared library.
-x Specify the language of the following input files.
Permissible languages include: c c++ assembler none
'none' means revert to the default behavior of
guessing the language based on the file's extension.
Options starting with -g, -f, -m, -O, -W, or --param are automatically
passed on to the various sub-processes invoked by gcc. In order to pass
other options on to these processes the -W options must be used.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-9/README.Bugs>.
이하 자주쓰이는 명령어
--help : 간단한 옵션 출력
--version : gcc 버전 출력
-o : 출력 파일명 지정
-c : .o 파일(오브젝트 파일)까지만 생성. 링킹 x
-S : .S 어셈블리 파일 생성. 컴파일 x
-O1 ~ -O3 : 최적화 수준 지정. -O0 은 최적화 x
-g : 컴파일 하면서 디버깅 정보 생성
-l : 라이브러리 이름 지정
-L : 추가 라이브러리 디렉토리 지정
-W : 모든 에러 메시지 출력
-w : 모든 에러 메시지를 출력 하지 않음
-I : 추가 헤더 파일이 있는 디렉토리를 지정합니다.
어셈블리 출력하는법
1) cat helloworld.s
2) objdump -S helloworld.o
3)objdump -d helloworld.o
objdump : GNU 바이너리 유틸리티. 다음 작업을 함.
아래는 --help 결과
Usage: objdump <option(s)> <file(s)>
Display information from object <file(s)>.
At least one of the following switches must be given:
-a, --archive-headers Display archive header information
-f, --file-headers Display the contents of the overall file header
-p, --private-headers Display object format specific file header contents
-P, --private=OPT,OPT... Display object format specific contents
-h, --[section-]headers Display the contents of the section headers
-x, --all-headers Display the contents of all headers
-d, --disassemble Display assembler contents of executable sections
-D, --disassemble-all Display assembler contents of all sections
--disassemble= Display assembler contents from
-S, --source Intermix source code with disassembly
--source-comment[=] Prefix lines of source code with
-s, --full-contents Display the full contents of all sections requested
-g, --debugging Display debug information in object file
-e, --debugging-tags Display debug information using ctags style
-G, --stabs Display (in raw form) any STABS info in the file
-W[lLiaprmfFsoRtUuTgAckK] or
--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,
=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,
=gdb_index,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,
=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow-links]
Display DWARF info in the file
--ctf=SECTION Display CTF info from SECTION
-t, --syms Display the contents of the symbol table(s)
-T, --dynamic-syms Display the contents of the dynamic symbol table
-r, --reloc Display the relocation entries in the file
-R, --dynamic-reloc Display the dynamic relocation entries in the file
@ Read options from
-v, --version Display this program's version number
-i, --info List object formats and architectures supported
-H, --help Display this information
The following switches are optional:
-b, --target=BFDNAME Specify the target object format as BFDNAME
-m, --architecture=MACHINE Specify the target architecture as MACHINE
-j, --section=NAME Only display information for section NAME
-M, --disassembler-options=OPT Pass text OPT on to the disassembler
-EB --endian=big Assume big endian format when disassembling
-EL --endian=little Assume little endian format when disassembling
--file-start-context Include context from start of file (with -S)
-I, --include=DIR Add DIR to search list for source files
-l, --line-numbers Include line numbers and filenames in output
-F, --file-offsets Include file offsets when displaying information
-C, --demangle[=STYLE] Decode mangled/processed symbol names
The STYLE, if specified, can be `auto', `gnu',
`lucid', `arm', `hp', `edg', `gnu-v3', `java'
or `gnat'
--recurse-limit Enable a limit on recursion whilst demangling. [Default]
--no-recurse-limit Disable a limit on recursion whilst demangling
-w, --wide Format output for more than 80 columns
-z, --disassemble-zeroes Do not skip blocks of zeroes when disassembling
--start-address=ADDR Only process data whose address is >= ADDR
--stop-address=ADDR Only process data whose address is < ADDR
--prefix-addresses Print complete address alongside disassembly
--[no-]show-raw-insn Display hex alongside symbolic disassembly
--insn-width=WIDTH Display WIDTH bytes on a single line for -d
--adjust-vma=OFFSET Add OFFSET to all displayed section addresses
--special-syms Include special symbols in symbol dumps
--inlines Print all inlines for source line (with -l)
--prefix=PREFIX Add PREFIX to absolute paths for -S
--prefix-strip=LEVEL Strip initial directory names for -S
--dwarf-depth=N Do not display DIEs at depth N or greater
--dwarf-start=N Display DIEs starting with N, at the same depth
or deeper
--dwarf-check Make additional dwarf internal consistency checks.
--ctf-parent=SECTION Use SECTION as the CTF parent
--visualize-jumps Visualize jumps by drawing ASCII art lines
--visualize-jumps=color Use colors in the ASCII art
--visualize-jumps=extended-color Use extended 8-bit color codes
--visualize-jumps=off Disable jump visualization
objdump: supported targets: elf64-x86-64 elf32-i386 elf32-iamcu elf32-x86-64 pei-i386 pei-x86-64 elf64-l1om elf64-k1om elf64-little elf64-big elf32-little elf32-big pe-x86-64 pe-bigobj-x86-64 pe-i386 srec symbolsrec verilog tekhex binary ihex plugin
objdump: supported architectures: i386 i386:x86-64 i386:x64-32 i8086 i386:intel i386:x86-64:intel i386:x64-32:intel i386:nacl i386:x86-64:nacl i386:x64-32:nacl iamcu iamcu:intel l1om l1om:intel k1om k1om:intel
The following i386/x86-64 specific disassembler options are supported for use
with the -M switch (multiple options should be separated by commas):
x86-64 Disassemble in 64bit mode
i386 Disassemble in 32bit mode
i8086 Disassemble in 16bit mode
att Display instruction in AT&T syntax
intel Display instruction in Intel syntax
att-mnemonic
Display instruction in AT&T mnemonic
intel-mnemonic
Display instruction in Intel mnemonic
addr64 Assume 64bit address size
addr32 Assume 32bit address size
addr16 Assume 16bit address size
data32 Assume 32bit data size
data16 Assume 16bit data size
suffix Always display instruction suffix in AT&T syntax
amd64 Display instruction in AMD64 ISA
intel64 Display instruction in Intel64 ISA
Report bugs to <http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/>.
아래는 objdump의 자주 쓰는 옵션
1) 바이너리 덤프
objdump -s : 전체 덤프
objdump -j 섹션명 : 해당 섹션만 덤프
objdump -h : 전체 덤프 후 섹션별 헤더만 출력
2) 파일 디스어셈블
objdump -d : 코드 섹션 디스어셈블
objdump -D : 모든 섹션 디스어셈블
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